Page 951 - Fundamentals of anatomy physiology

938 Unit 5 Environmental Exchange

Figure 24–21 The Anatomy and Physiology of the Gallbladder and Bile Ducts. ATLAS: Plates 49c,e; 51a; 54b–d

a A view of the inferior surface of the liver, Round ligament Left hepatic duct
showing the position of the gallbladder and Right hepatic duct
ducts that transport bile from the liver to the Left hepatic artery
gallbladder and duodenum. A portion of the Cystic duct
lesser omentum has been cut away. Common hepatic
Gallbladder duct
Pancreatic Common Fundus Cut edge of lesser
duct bile duct Body omentum
Neck Common bile duct
Hepatic portal vein
Hepatopancreatic Liver Common hepatic
sphincter artery
Duodenum
Duodenal Right gastric artery
ampulla
Pancreas Stomach
Duodenal Pancreas
papilla

Intestinal lumen

b A sectional view through a portion of the duodenal wall,
showing the duodenal ampulla and related structures.

Left hepatic duct 1
Right hepatic duct The liver
secretes bile
Common continuously—
hepatic duct about 1
liter per day.
Gallbladder 2
Neck Liver
Bile becomes more
Body concentrated the
longer it remains in
Fundus the gallbladder.

24 Duodenum
Common
bile duct

c A radiograph (cholangiogram, anterior-posterior view)
of the gallbladder, biliary ducts, and pancreatic ducts.

4 Duodenum 3
In the lumen of the CCK
digestive tract, bile The release of CCK by the
salts break the Lipid duodenum triggers dilation of
lipid droplets apart droplet the hepatopancreatic
by emulsification. sphincter and contraction of
d Physiology of the gallbladder. the gallbladder. This ejects
bile into the duodenum
through the duodenal ampulla.

leaving the absorptive surfaces of the digestive tract enters the mobilizing stored reserves or performing synthetic activities.
hepatic portal system and flows into the liver. Liver cells extract The liver’s regulatory activities affect the following:
nutrients or toxins from the blood before it reaches the sys-
temic circulation through the hepatic veins. The liver removes Carbohydrate Metabolism. The liver stabilizes blood glucose
and stores excess nutrients. It corrects nutrient deficiencies by
levels at about 90 mg/dL. If blood glucose levels decrease,