Page 884 - Robbins Basic Pathology by Vinay Kumar, Abul K. Abbas, Jon C. Aster
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870 C H A P T E R 23 Skin                                                               multiple mutations in specific pathways are required for malignant
                                                                                        transformation.]
        Ibrahim N, Haluska FG: Molecular pathogenesis of cutaneous mela-             Tsai KY, Tsao H: The genetics of skin cancer. Am J Med Genet 131C:82,
           nocytic neoplasms. Annu Rev Pathol 4:551, 2009. [The genetic path-           2004. [The genetic bases for skin malignancies are presented along with
           ways relevant to melanoma suggest future therapeutic interventions.]         their associations with predisposing human genetic syndromes that provide
                                                                                        insight into their pathogenesis.]
        Kupper TS, Fuhlbrigge RC: Immune surveillance in the skin: mecha-            Ujiie H, Shibaki A, Nishie W, Shimizu H. What’s new in bullous pemphigoid.
           nisms and clinical consequences. Nat Rev 4:211, 2004. [Lymphocytic           J Dermatol 37:194, 2010. [Recent review of bullous pemphigoid
           subtypes and targeting in relation to cutaneous inflammatory diseases        pathogenesis.]
           providing insight into common pathogenic features.]                       Yokoyama T, Amagai M. Immune dysregulation of pemphigus in
                                                                                        humans and mice. J Dermatol 37:205, 2010. [A review of immune
        Nestle FO, Kaplan DH, Barker J: Psoriasis. N Engl J Med 361:496, 2009.          disturbances that may underlie pemphigus.]
           [Pathogenesis, clinical features, and new targeted treatment options are
           discussed.]

        Khavari PA: Modelling cancer in human skin tissue. Nat Rev Cancer
           6:270, 2006. [Models of human epidermal carcinogenesis indicate that
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