Guide to evidence-based physical therapist practice /
Jewell, Dianne V.
Guide to evidence-based physical therapist practice / Dianne V. Jewell. - 2nd ed. - Sudbury, MA : Jones & Bartlett Learning, c2011. - xix, 467 p. : ill. ; 23 cm.
Rev. ed. of: Guide to evidence-based physical therapy practice / Dianne V. Jewell. c2008.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Part 1: Principles Of Evidence-Based Physical Therapist Practice -- 1: Evidence-based physical therapist practice -- Introduction -- Evidence-based what? -- Evidence-based physical therapist practice -- Evidence-based physical therapist practice focus areas -- Process of evidence-based physical therapist practice -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 2: What is evidence? -- Introduction -- General characteristics of desirable evidence -- Forms of evidence -- Research designs: Overview -- Research designs: Timing -- Research designs: What is the question? -- Hierarchies of evidence -- Limitations of evidence hierarchies -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 3: Quest for evidence: getting started --Introduction -- Formulating clinical questions -- Background questions -- Foreground questions -- Questions about diagnostic tests -- Questions about clinical measures -- Questions about prognostic factors -- Questions about interventions -- Questions about clinical prediction rules -- Questions about outcomes and self-report outcomes measures -- Searching for evidence -- Determine which database will be most useful -- Identify search terms to enter into the database -- Use the database features to streamline the search -- Be Prepared to Reformulate the Question -- Aim for the highest quality evidence available -- Electronic databases for evidence-based physical therapist practice -- US national library of medicine: PubMed --Search limits -- Medical subject headings (MeSH) -- General keyword search -- Search history -- Clinical queries-- Related articles -- My NCBI -- PubMed tutorials -- Cumulative index of nursing and allied health literature (CINAHL) plus with full text -- Cochrane library -- Physiotherapy evidence database (PEDro) -- American physical therapy association's hooked on evidence -- Other databases and services -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- Part 2: Elements Of Evidence -- 4: Questions, theories, and hypotheses -- Introduction -- Research question -- Background --Literature Review --Citations of epidemiologic data --Theories, concepts, and constructs -- Hypotheses -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 5: Research design -- Introduction -- General features of research designs -- Philosophical approach -- Design format -- Number of groups -- Degree of control -- Time elements -- Research question -- Research designs for questions about diagnostic tests and clinical measures -- Methodological studies of clinical measures -- Research designs for questions about prognostic factors -- Cohort designs -- Case-control designs -- Other designs for prognostic indicators -- Research designs for questions about interventions -- Experimental studies -- Quasi-experimental studies -- Research designs for clinical prediction rules -- Research designs for outcomes research -- Methodological studies about self-report outcomes measures -- Secondary analyses -- Systematic reviews -- Meta-analyses -- Qualitative studies -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 6: Research subjects -- Introduction -- Subject identification -- Subject selection -- Probabilistic sampling methods -- Non probabilistic sampling methods -- Subject management within the study -- Random assignment methods -- Nonrandom assignment -- Other subject management issues -- Sample size -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 7: Variables and their measurement -- Introduction -- Variables -- Independent variables -- Dependent variables -- Extraneous variables -- Other terminology related to variables -- Measurement -- Levels of measurement -- References standards in measurement -- Measurement reliability -- Instrument reliability: Reproducibility (or test-retest reliability) -- Instrument reliability: Internal consistency -- Instrument reliability: Parallel forms -- Instrument reliability: Split-half -- Rater reliability -- Measurement validity -- Face validity -- Content validity -- Construct validity -- Convergent validity -- Discriminant validity -- Criterion validity -- Concurrent validity -- Predictive validity -- Responsiveness to change -- Floor and ceiling effects -- Interpreting change -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 8: Research Validity -- Introduction -- Research validity -- Threats to research validity -- Threats to research validity of intervention studies -- Threat 1: Assignment -- Threat 2: Attrition -- Threat 3: Compensatory equalization of treatments -- Threat 4: Compensatory rivalry or resentful demoralization -- Threat 5: Diffusion or imitation of treatment -- Threat 6: History -- Threat 7: Instrumentation -- Threat 8: Maturation -- Threat 9: Statistical Regression to the Mean -- Threat 10: Testing -- Threats to research validity in studies about other components of the patient/client management model -- Role of investigator bias -- Additional solutions to research validity threats -- Threats to construct validity -- External validity -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 9: Unraveling statistical mysteries -- Introduction -- Descriptive statistics -- Distribution of the data -- Subject characteristics -- Parametric statistics -- Tests of differences -- Tests of relationships -- Effect size -- Nonparametric statistics -- Additional statistics in evidence-based physical therapy -- Statistical importance -- p values -- Confidence intervals -- Power --
.Clinical relevance -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- Part 3: Appraising The Evidence -- 10: Appraising evidence about diagnostic tests and clinical measures -- Introduction -- Diagnostic tests -- Study credibility -- Additional considerations -- Study results -- Reliability -- Validity -- Sensitivity -- Specificity -- Receiver operating characteristic curves -- Positive predictive value -- Negative predictive value -- Likelihood ratios -- Using likelihood ratios in practice -- Evaluating a diagnostic test: calculations based on study results -- Practical use of likelihood ratios -- Statistical importance of study results -- Final thoughts about diagnosis in physical therapy -- Clinical measures -- Study credibility -- Study results -- Statistical importance of study results -- Evidence and the patient/client -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 11: Appraising evidence about prognostic (risk) factors -- Introduction -- Risk of a future adverse event -- Ultimate outcomes -- Results from physical therapy -- Elements of prognosis -- Study credibility -- Additional considerations -- Study results -- Statistical importance of study results -- Evidence and the patient/client -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 12: Appraising evidence about interventions -- Introduction -- Study credibility -- Additional considerations -- Issues related to researach designs in inervention studies -- Study results -- Treatment magnitude: Continuous data -- Treatment magnitude: Dichotomous data -- Statistical importance of study results -- Evidence and the patient/client -- Minimal clinically important difference -- Number needed to treat -- Practical considerations -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 13: Appraising evidence about clinical prediction rules -- Introduction -- Study credibility -- Clinical prediction rule derivation -- Clinical prediction rule validation -- Additional considerations -- Study results -- Statistical importance of study results -- Evidence and the patient client -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 14: Appraising outcomes research -- Introduction -- Outcomes research -- Study Credibility -- Additional considerations -- Study results -- Statistical importance of study results -- Evidence and the patient/client -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 15: Appraising evidence about self-report outcomes measures -- Introduction -- Important clinimetric properties -- Other circumstances -- Study results -- Initial survey development -- Reliability -- Validity -- Responsiveness -- Interpretability -- Statistical importance of study results -- Evidence and the patient/client -- Evidence appraisal tools -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 16: Appraising systematic reviews and clinical practice guidelines -- Introduction -- Systematic reviews -- Study credibility -- Study results -- Reporting formats -- Meaning of study results -- Clinical importance -- Evidence and the patient/client -- Clinical practice guidelines -- Is the guideline valid? -- Is the guideline applicable? -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- Part 4: Evidence In Practice -- 17: Patient/client preferences and values -- Introduction -- Patient-centered care -- Ethical considerations -- Informed consent and shared decision making -- Preferences, expectancies, and values -- Assessment of preferences and values -- Evidence about preferences, expectancies, and values -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 18: Putting it all together -- Introduction -- Section One: Clinical case examples using evidence -- Section Two: Using physiologic studies as evidence -- Article 1 -- Article 2 -- Article 3 -- Therapist's decision -- Summary -- References --
.Appendix A -- Appendix B -- Appendix C -- Appendix D --
From the Publisher: "The latest version of this best-selling text includes updates and new information designed specifically for physical therapists to facilitate evidence-based practice in both the classroom and the clinical environment. Guide to Evidence-Based Physical Therapist Practice, Second Edition continues to provide students and professionals with comprehensive, accessible information to allow them to understand and critique studies as well as to apply evidence to actual patients in clinical settings." Guide to Evidence-Based Physical Therapist Practice, Second Edition includes user-friendly descriptions of research methods and statistical tests, clinically relevant examples specific to physical therapist practice, and worksheets for use during the evidence appraisal process. The Second Edition is formatted to be consistent with the American Physical Therapy Association's Guide to Physical Therapist Practice, Second Edition and includes terminology from the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. This is a comprehensive resource no physical therapist or student
.should be without
9780763777654 (pbk. : alk. paper) 076377765X (pbk. : alk. paper)
2010022957
Physical therapy.
Evidence-based medicine.
Physical Therapy Modalities.
Evidence-Based Practice--methods.
RM700 / .J49 2011
615.8 / JDE
Guide to evidence-based physical therapist practice / Dianne V. Jewell. - 2nd ed. - Sudbury, MA : Jones & Bartlett Learning, c2011. - xix, 467 p. : ill. ; 23 cm.
Rev. ed. of: Guide to evidence-based physical therapy practice / Dianne V. Jewell. c2008.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Preface -- Acknowledgments -- Part 1: Principles Of Evidence-Based Physical Therapist Practice -- 1: Evidence-based physical therapist practice -- Introduction -- Evidence-based what? -- Evidence-based physical therapist practice -- Evidence-based physical therapist practice focus areas -- Process of evidence-based physical therapist practice -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 2: What is evidence? -- Introduction -- General characteristics of desirable evidence -- Forms of evidence -- Research designs: Overview -- Research designs: Timing -- Research designs: What is the question? -- Hierarchies of evidence -- Limitations of evidence hierarchies -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 3: Quest for evidence: getting started --Introduction -- Formulating clinical questions -- Background questions -- Foreground questions -- Questions about diagnostic tests -- Questions about clinical measures -- Questions about prognostic factors -- Questions about interventions -- Questions about clinical prediction rules -- Questions about outcomes and self-report outcomes measures -- Searching for evidence -- Determine which database will be most useful -- Identify search terms to enter into the database -- Use the database features to streamline the search -- Be Prepared to Reformulate the Question -- Aim for the highest quality evidence available -- Electronic databases for evidence-based physical therapist practice -- US national library of medicine: PubMed --Search limits -- Medical subject headings (MeSH) -- General keyword search -- Search history -- Clinical queries-- Related articles -- My NCBI -- PubMed tutorials -- Cumulative index of nursing and allied health literature (CINAHL) plus with full text -- Cochrane library -- Physiotherapy evidence database (PEDro) -- American physical therapy association's hooked on evidence -- Other databases and services -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- Part 2: Elements Of Evidence -- 4: Questions, theories, and hypotheses -- Introduction -- Research question -- Background --Literature Review --Citations of epidemiologic data --Theories, concepts, and constructs -- Hypotheses -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 5: Research design -- Introduction -- General features of research designs -- Philosophical approach -- Design format -- Number of groups -- Degree of control -- Time elements -- Research question -- Research designs for questions about diagnostic tests and clinical measures -- Methodological studies of clinical measures -- Research designs for questions about prognostic factors -- Cohort designs -- Case-control designs -- Other designs for prognostic indicators -- Research designs for questions about interventions -- Experimental studies -- Quasi-experimental studies -- Research designs for clinical prediction rules -- Research designs for outcomes research -- Methodological studies about self-report outcomes measures -- Secondary analyses -- Systematic reviews -- Meta-analyses -- Qualitative studies -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 6: Research subjects -- Introduction -- Subject identification -- Subject selection -- Probabilistic sampling methods -- Non probabilistic sampling methods -- Subject management within the study -- Random assignment methods -- Nonrandom assignment -- Other subject management issues -- Sample size -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 7: Variables and their measurement -- Introduction -- Variables -- Independent variables -- Dependent variables -- Extraneous variables -- Other terminology related to variables -- Measurement -- Levels of measurement -- References standards in measurement -- Measurement reliability -- Instrument reliability: Reproducibility (or test-retest reliability) -- Instrument reliability: Internal consistency -- Instrument reliability: Parallel forms -- Instrument reliability: Split-half -- Rater reliability -- Measurement validity -- Face validity -- Content validity -- Construct validity -- Convergent validity -- Discriminant validity -- Criterion validity -- Concurrent validity -- Predictive validity -- Responsiveness to change -- Floor and ceiling effects -- Interpreting change -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 8: Research Validity -- Introduction -- Research validity -- Threats to research validity -- Threats to research validity of intervention studies -- Threat 1: Assignment -- Threat 2: Attrition -- Threat 3: Compensatory equalization of treatments -- Threat 4: Compensatory rivalry or resentful demoralization -- Threat 5: Diffusion or imitation of treatment -- Threat 6: History -- Threat 7: Instrumentation -- Threat 8: Maturation -- Threat 9: Statistical Regression to the Mean -- Threat 10: Testing -- Threats to research validity in studies about other components of the patient/client management model -- Role of investigator bias -- Additional solutions to research validity threats -- Threats to construct validity -- External validity -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 9: Unraveling statistical mysteries -- Introduction -- Descriptive statistics -- Distribution of the data -- Subject characteristics -- Parametric statistics -- Tests of differences -- Tests of relationships -- Effect size -- Nonparametric statistics -- Additional statistics in evidence-based physical therapy -- Statistical importance -- p values -- Confidence intervals -- Power --
.Clinical relevance -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- Part 3: Appraising The Evidence -- 10: Appraising evidence about diagnostic tests and clinical measures -- Introduction -- Diagnostic tests -- Study credibility -- Additional considerations -- Study results -- Reliability -- Validity -- Sensitivity -- Specificity -- Receiver operating characteristic curves -- Positive predictive value -- Negative predictive value -- Likelihood ratios -- Using likelihood ratios in practice -- Evaluating a diagnostic test: calculations based on study results -- Practical use of likelihood ratios -- Statistical importance of study results -- Final thoughts about diagnosis in physical therapy -- Clinical measures -- Study credibility -- Study results -- Statistical importance of study results -- Evidence and the patient/client -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 11: Appraising evidence about prognostic (risk) factors -- Introduction -- Risk of a future adverse event -- Ultimate outcomes -- Results from physical therapy -- Elements of prognosis -- Study credibility -- Additional considerations -- Study results -- Statistical importance of study results -- Evidence and the patient/client -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 12: Appraising evidence about interventions -- Introduction -- Study credibility -- Additional considerations -- Issues related to researach designs in inervention studies -- Study results -- Treatment magnitude: Continuous data -- Treatment magnitude: Dichotomous data -- Statistical importance of study results -- Evidence and the patient/client -- Minimal clinically important difference -- Number needed to treat -- Practical considerations -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 13: Appraising evidence about clinical prediction rules -- Introduction -- Study credibility -- Clinical prediction rule derivation -- Clinical prediction rule validation -- Additional considerations -- Study results -- Statistical importance of study results -- Evidence and the patient client -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 14: Appraising outcomes research -- Introduction -- Outcomes research -- Study Credibility -- Additional considerations -- Study results -- Statistical importance of study results -- Evidence and the patient/client -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 15: Appraising evidence about self-report outcomes measures -- Introduction -- Important clinimetric properties -- Other circumstances -- Study results -- Initial survey development -- Reliability -- Validity -- Responsiveness -- Interpretability -- Statistical importance of study results -- Evidence and the patient/client -- Evidence appraisal tools -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 16: Appraising systematic reviews and clinical practice guidelines -- Introduction -- Systematic reviews -- Study credibility -- Study results -- Reporting formats -- Meaning of study results -- Clinical importance -- Evidence and the patient/client -- Clinical practice guidelines -- Is the guideline valid? -- Is the guideline applicable? -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- Part 4: Evidence In Practice -- 17: Patient/client preferences and values -- Introduction -- Patient-centered care -- Ethical considerations -- Informed consent and shared decision making -- Preferences, expectancies, and values -- Assessment of preferences and values -- Evidence about preferences, expectancies, and values -- Summary -- Exercises -- References -- 18: Putting it all together -- Introduction -- Section One: Clinical case examples using evidence -- Section Two: Using physiologic studies as evidence -- Article 1 -- Article 2 -- Article 3 -- Therapist's decision -- Summary -- References --
.Appendix A -- Appendix B -- Appendix C -- Appendix D --
From the Publisher: "The latest version of this best-selling text includes updates and new information designed specifically for physical therapists to facilitate evidence-based practice in both the classroom and the clinical environment. Guide to Evidence-Based Physical Therapist Practice, Second Edition continues to provide students and professionals with comprehensive, accessible information to allow them to understand and critique studies as well as to apply evidence to actual patients in clinical settings." Guide to Evidence-Based Physical Therapist Practice, Second Edition includes user-friendly descriptions of research methods and statistical tests, clinically relevant examples specific to physical therapist practice, and worksheets for use during the evidence appraisal process. The Second Edition is formatted to be consistent with the American Physical Therapy Association's Guide to Physical Therapist Practice, Second Edition and includes terminology from the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health. This is a comprehensive resource no physical therapist or student
.should be without
9780763777654 (pbk. : alk. paper) 076377765X (pbk. : alk. paper)
2010022957
Physical therapy.
Evidence-based medicine.
Physical Therapy Modalities.
Evidence-Based Practice--methods.
RM700 / .J49 2011
615.8 / JDE