Page 269 - Engineering Rock Mass Classification_ Tunnelling, Foundations and Landslides

Chapter 17 Types of Failures of Rock and Soil Slopes 229

FIGURE 17.16 (a) Buckling, (b) kink band slumping, and (c, d) soil type slumping (use SANC, FLAC).
(From Goodman and Kieffer, 2000)

LANDSLIDE DAMS

Landslide dams are formed in steep valleys due to a deep-seated landslide in deforested
hills. They are also created by huge deposits of debris, which are brought about by a
network of gullies during cloudbursts. The dam–river water quickly forms a reservoir sub-
merging roads and houses (Bhandari, 1987; Choubey, 1998). The reservoir water may also
enter in the tail race tunnels of nearby hydroelectric projects. This back water has caused
immense damage to two underground powerhouses in the Himalayas in India. The silt con-
tent of rivers has increased nearly three times due to landslides that are caused by recent
deforestation. Silting may be checked by building a new dam upstream of the proposed
dam site.

REFERENCES

Bhandari, R. K. (1987). Slope instability in the fragile Himalaya and strategy for development. Ninth IGS
Annual Lecture. Indian Geotechnical Journal, 17(1), 1–78.

Choubey, V. D. (1998). Landslide hazard assessment and management in Himalayas. In International
Conference On Hydro Power Development in Himalayas (pp. 220–238). Shimla, India.

Deoja, B., Dhital, M., Thapa, B., & Wagner, A. (1991). Mountain risk engineering handbook Part I and II.
Kathmandu, Nepal: International Centre of Integrated Mountain Development.

Goodman, R. E., & Kieffer, D. S. (2000). Behaviour of rock in slopes. Geotechnical and Geoenvironmen-
tal Engineering, 126(8), 675–684.