Page 509 - Nutrition Essentials for Nursing Practice

19 Nutrition for Patients with
Diabetes Mellitus

CHECK YOUR KNOWLEDGE
TRUE FALSE

1 The progression of prediabetes to diabetes is inevitable.
2 The cornerstone of nutrition therapy for diabetes is to eat a low-carbohydrate diet.
3 Weight loss lowers the risk of type 2 diabetes only when it achieves a weight within an

individual’s healthy BMI range.
4 Alcohol is more likely to cause hypoglycemia when consumed without food rather

than with food.
5 People with diabetes should avoid fruit because fructose produces a higher postprandial

rise in glucose than sucrose.
6 People with diabetes should eat more fiber than the general population.
7 All people with diabetes should consume a bedtime snack to avoid hypoglycemia.
8 People who practice carbohydrate counting do not have to pay attention to protein

or fat intake.
9 A chocolate candy bar is a good choice for treating mild hypoglycemia.
10 People with diabetes should limit their intake of saturated fat and cholesterol.

LEARNING OBJECTIVES
Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to

1 Summarize nutrition recommendations for the primary prevention of diabetes.
2 Describe the nutrition recommendations for managing diabetes.
3 Explain nutrition recommendations for managing the complications of diabetes.
4 Compare the use of exchange lists to carbohydrate counting as a means of tracking

carbohydrate intake.
5 Compose a 2000-calorie diet using the carbohydrate counting method of meal planning.
6 Determine the number of carbohydrate choices a serving of food provides by using the

Nutrition Facts label.
7 Discuss diabetes nutrition therapy in childhood, pregnancy, and older adults.

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